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Noun (Исем) There are two forms of nouns: the singular and the plural which organizes with endings -лар/ -ләр; нар/ -нәр. For instance: тәрәзә - тәрәзәләр (window - windows) китап -китаплар (book - books) алым - алымнар (method - methods) төн - төннәр (night -nights) There are no genders in Tatarian language. Strange as it may seem, there are no articles. However there are six cases and also special category possession. For instance: My baby - бала-м Your baby - бала-ң His (her) baby - бала-сы Our baby - бала-быз Your baby - бала-гыз Their baby - бала-лары Special meaning has ending -ныкы / -неке баланыкы -baby's Adjectives (сыйфат) There are two forms of adjectives: the quality form and the relative form. quality form: зәңгәр чәчәк - blue flower, матур кыз - beautiful gerl relative form: машиналы - having machine, урманлы - having forest Special position: noun with noun (изафәт) when one noun plays character adjective. Adverbs (рәвеш) Adverbs describes actions and relatives by verbs. Verbs (фигыль) Verbs have following infinitive endings: -рга / -ргә, -ырга / -ергә, -арга / -әргә For instance: бар-ырга - to go, сөйләргә - to speake Basic form hasn't endings бар - go, сөйлә - speake Negative form has suffix -ма / -мә куй - куйма (to put - to putn't) сөй - сөймә (to love - to loven't) кайтмалар - they comen't back There are nine forms of tense, which it not been possible to mention in so short a grammatical summary. Also there are have following parts of Speech: the numeral, the pronoun, the conjunction, the interjection, there are not preposition, in preposition place of after(position). Guide to pronunciation of Tatarian words. Аа [a] must, father Әә [a'] long and soft vowel Бб [b ] bat Вв [w ] wen Гг [g ], [gh] get, ghost Дд [d ] den Ее [ye] yet, let Җҗ [zh] large, just Зз [z ] is, zero Ии [i' ] sit, meet Йй [y ] yellow, boy Кк [k ], [q] kind, quick Лл [l ] let Мм [m ] man Нн [n ] nut Ңң [ng] song, spring Оо [o] stop, not Өө [o'] shot and soft vowel Пп [p ] pat Рр [r ] error Сс [s ] sum Тт [t ] top Уу [u ] moon, book Үү [u'] soft vowel Фф [f ] fit Хх [kh] as in Scottish "Loch" Һһ [h ] help Чч [ch] chair Шш [sh] shut Ыы [i ] this vowel has no equivalent in English (about) Ээ [e ] any Юю [yu] unite, few Яя [ya] yard Abbreviations а. - алмашлык - pronoun бәйл. - бәйлек - afterposition и. - исем - substantive кер.сүз - кереш сүз - introductory word, foreword кис. - кисәкче - particle күпл. - күплек - plural рәв. - рәвеш - adverb с. - сыйфат - adjective сан. - сан - numbers терк. - теркәгеч - conjunction ф. - фигыль - verb ы. - ымлык - interjection җый. - җыймә исем - collective substantive и.;с. - изафәт - or substantive either adjective |
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